Which of the following is a social determinant of health that affects the built environment?

The availability of public transportation is a key social determinant of health that directly influences the built environment. Public transportation systems contribute significantly to the accessibility of neighborhoods, enabling individuals to travel to work, schools, healthcare facilities, and recreational areas. When reliable public transportation is available, it can lead to reduced reliance on personal vehicles, decreased traffic congestion, and improved air quality, all of which can positively impact community health and overall well-being. Furthermore, access to public transport can also ease the movement of goods and services, fostering economic development within the community.

In contrast, while quality of educational institutions and access to community recreational facilities also influence health, they do so in ways that are indirectly related to the built environment. Educational quality affects health literacy and job prospects, while recreational facilities enhance community engagement and physical activity. The local unemployment rate reflects economic conditions but does not address specific environmental factors related to infrastructure and design that affect accessibility. Thus, availability of public transportation stands out as a direct link to the characteristics of the built environment and their effects on health.