In which type of health care system do individuals generally have higher out-of-pocket expenses?

In a private health care system, individuals typically have higher out-of-pocket expenses due to the nature of how these systems are structured. In private health care, patients often pay for services directly or through insurance plans that may require higher deductibles, co-pays, or limited coverage. This leads to a scenario where individuals bear a significant portion of costs, particularly if they have conditions that require extensive or specialized care.

Contrast this with public health care systems, where the government often funds most health care costs, leading to lower or zero out-of-pocket expenses for individuals. Universal health care systems strive to provide health care for all citizens, generally funded through taxation, which minimizes individual costs at the point of service. Similarly, subsidized health care systems aim to lower costs for low-income individuals through government assistance, reducing financial barriers to access.

In summary, the private health care system is associated with higher out-of-pocket expenses for individuals, making it the correct answer for this question.